import timefrom functools import wrapsfrom typing import Callable, Type, Tuple, Optionaldef retry(    max_attempts: int = 3,    delay: float = 1,    backoff: float = 2,    exceptions: Tuple[Type[Exception], ...] = (Exception,)):    """    Decorator to retry a function with exponential backoff.        Args:        max_attempts: Maximum number of retry attempts        delay: Initial delay in seconds        backoff: Backoff multiplier        exceptions: Tuple of exception types to catch    """    def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:        @wraps(func)        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):            current_delay = delay            last_exception = None                        for attempt in range(max_attempts):                try:                    return func(*args, **kwargs)                except exceptions as e:                    last_exception = e                    if attempt < max_attempts - 1:                        time.sleep(current_delay)                        current_delay *= backoff                    else:                        raise                        raise last_exception                return wrapper    return decorator

from retry import retryimport requests@retry(max_attempts=3, delay=1, backoff=2)def fetch_data(url: str):    response = requests.get(url)    response.raise_for_status()    return response.json()try:    data = fetch_data('https://api.example.com/data')    print(data)except Exception as e:    print(f'Failed after retries: {e}')